Skip to main content

A Personal Conceptualization of Psychopathology


 Psychopathology as statistical deviation


Psychopathology can be understood as a deviation from what is considered statistical psychological normality. It includes manifestations of deviant and infrequent behavior. This kind of conceptualization tends to make sense to many people. It allows them to use the term psychopathology to refer to unusual human behavior and experiences such as paranoid delusions, hearing voices, and other psychological phenomena (Maddux & Winstead, 2005). It is also important to note that this particular conceptualization tends to enjoy scholarly esteem. It uses a scientifically recognized method of measuring the normality of a given behavior. The first step of this method involves determining what is considered statistically normal (Maddux & Winstead, 2005). The second step involves determining how a given psychological phenomenon deviates from what is considered statistical normality.


Psychopathology as social deviance


Psychopathology can also be understood as a type of behavior that deviates from the social and cultural norms of society. This particular conceptualization uses cultural and social conventions and rules in judging behavior as deviation from normality (Maddux & Winstead, 2005). This contrasts with the conceptualization of psychopathology as a statistical aberration. The conceptualization of psychopathology as social deviance is not based on psychological measures and tests.


Psychopathology as maladaptive behavior


Psychopathology can also be viewed as a manifestation of behavior and actions that are maladaptive or dysfunctional. In this sense, the term "maladaptive" is used to denote the ineffectiveness of an individual's behavior and actions. In contrast, the term adaptive is used to refer to the effectiveness of individuals' behavior and actions. If a given behavior or action does not work for an individual to enable them to deal with certain problems and achieve their goals, this behavior is considered maladaptive (Maddux & Winstead, 2005). However, if a certain behavior or action works for an individual and allows him to deal with certain challenges and achieve his goals, then it is said to be adaptive (Maddux & Winstead, 2005).


Psychopathology as a form of mental distress


Psychotherapy can also be understood as a certain kind of psychological distress. Distress in this sense refers to unpleasant feelings such as sadness, anxiety, anger and others (Maddux & Winstead, 2005). People seek treatment for this emotional turmoil that interferes with their normal mental functioning. It prevents them from achieving their life goals. This restlessness limits their self-efficacy, self-regulatory abilities, physiological components, and situational opportunities that can assist them in making positive changes in their lives.


Psychopathology as dyscontrol


Psychopathology can also be considered a form of dyscontrol characterized by maladaptive patterns of thinking, behaving and feeling. This particular dyscontrol affects the individual's ability to control himself. Thus, if an individual voluntarily exhibits maladaptive behavior that is likely to lead to self-destruction, such a person should probably suffer from a mental disorder (Maddux & Winstead, 2005). In this case, the term "mental disorder" is used to show that what is happening to the sufferer is beyond their control.


Psychopathology as harmful dysfunction


Psychopathology can also be understood as a harmful kind of dysfunction. In this case, the term "harmful" has value connotations based on social conventions and norms (Maddux & Winstead, 2005). The term “dysfunction” has scientific connotations based on the failure of a mental mechanism to perform its natural function (Maddux & Winstead, 2005). Thus, a disorder occurs when an individual's mental mechanisms fail to perform their natural functions. This harms the well-being of the individual as defined by societal norms and conventions.


Theories of psychopathology: Psychosynthesis


Psychosynthesis is a theory of psychopathology put forward by the Italian psychiatrist Roberto Assagioli. Thanks to this, he came up with a comprehensive approach to the process of human growth. Psychosynthesis helps people discover their true spiritual nature and effectively use this discovery in their daily lives (Firman & Gila, 2002). Therefore, psychosynthesis helps people with psychological problems realize their creative potential and use it to increase their ability to function properly and communicate effectively with other people (Firman & Gila, 2002).


As a type of psychotherapy, psychosynthesis includes various techniques and physical activities that help people overcome unwanted psychological experiences in life (Firman & Gila, 2002). Therefore, psychosynthesis is not just a theory. It is also a practical method that integrates different techniques derived from different approaches to human growth. Unlike other types of therapy, psychosynthesis does not define an "ideal" person that one should become (Firman & Gila, 2002). What is important is that one becomes what one wants to be. Therefore, psychosynthesis emphasizes the ability to become what one wants to be based on an inner sense of self and meaning.


For further details please visit:

                                                        http://www.rescommarketing.com

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Hyperpigmentation Causes & Treatment

  Hyperpigmentation and melasma are skin pigmentation diseases that usually affect our face. Both are similar but very different. Melasma is a type of hyperpigmentation. To clarify the difference, let's understand them separately . Hyperpigmentation The darkening of a certain area due to excessive production of melanin is called hyperpigmentation . Causes There are many causes, and in situations where hyperpigmentation occurs due to inflammation and acne, it is called post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation . Some causes include: Excessive sun exposure Skin injury Cauterization Skin preparations Medicines such as anti-seizure drugs and antibiotics Therapy There are several ways to get rid of skin pigmentation. Topical Agent . Using a topical agent such as logic, azelaic, or mandelic acid helps a lot because they use alpha hydroxy acids that rejuvenate the skin . Laser peeling . CO2 and fractional lasers are used to resurface the skin above blemishes. Sunscreen . As a simple prevent...
Post a Comment
Read more

Microdermabrasion Of Benefits

  We all know the effect the sun has on our skin . From time to time, our facial skin needs help. Many women and men are looking for ways to erase years from their appearance, reverse the harmful effects of tanning, or want to refresh their faces . Whether you're young or old, microdermabrasion is considered the Hollywood secret to looking red-carpet-ready . And the best part is that it can be done during lunch. Microdermabrasion , also known as Microderm , is a cosmetic procedure that removes the top layer of sun-damaged and dead skin cells, leaving behind a younger, healthier you . The method of exfoliating the outer layer of the skin, whether crystalline or non-crystalline, both offer equally great benefits . Revitalize Sun Damaged Skin . The sun does several things to your skin over time. It can cause sun spots, wrinkles, and enlarged pores. After several sessions of microdermabrasion, the skin will be rejuvenated . Fades age spots . Microderm stimulates new cells by replac...
Post a Comment
Read more

Fascinating World Of Chinese Skin Care

  In China, most people are willing to do anything to make their skin as light as possible, and women even more so. This obsession with fair skin isn't just in China. In these countries, light skin is associated with wealth, while dark skin is associated with poverty . Ironically , the sun has very little to do with skin color in these countries, as rich and poor alike tend to keep their skin covered as much as possible . Believe me, the cosmetics industry in China is booming. Interestingly , roughly 19.5 billion of this money comes from online sales. Skin whitening creams and waters Virtually every skin care product imaginable will have “skin whitening” on the label. Go to any of the big shopping malls and you're guaranteed to find several stores offering a wide variety of different beauty treatments, and even more stores that sell nothing but cosmetics . As you can imagine, countless different Chinese home remedies for skin care are very popular . Turmeric face masks Turm...
Post a Comment
Read more